Iako je intuitivno jasno kako smo dobili prethodni izraz, ako se za njega baš traži i striktan dokaz, ja bih to uradio preko matematičke indukcije.
Potrebno je, dakle, dokazati da važi:
[dispmath](L_1+1)(L_2+1)\cdots(L_n+1)=-\frac{a_{n-1}}{a_n}+\frac{a_{n-2}}{a_n}-\cdots+(-1)^n\frac{a_0}{a_n}+1[/dispmath]
A pošto je, prema Vietovim formulama,
[dispmath](-1)^k\frac{a_{n-k}}{a_n}=\!\!\sum_{1\le i_1<\cdots<i_k\le n}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}\cdots L_{i_k}[/dispmath]
to se tvrdnja koju treba dokazati svodi na:
[dispmath](L_1+1)(L_2+1)\cdots(L_n+1)=\sum_{1\le i_1\le n}L_{i_1}+\sum_{1\le i_1<i_2\le n}L_{i_1}L_{i_2}+\cdots+\!\!\sum_{1\le i_1<\cdots<i_n\le n}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}\cdots L_{i_n}+1[/dispmath]
Baza indukcije bi bila (za [inlmath]n=1[/inlmath]):
[dispmath]L_1+1=\sum_{1\le i_1\le n}L_{i_1}+1=L_1+1[/dispmath]
Indukcijska pretpostavka (mada sam je već napisao par redova ranije),
[dispmath](L_1+1)(L_2+1)\cdots(L_n+1)=\sum_{1\le i_1\le n}L_{i_1}+\sum_{1\le i_1<i_2\le n}L_{i_1}L_{i_2}+\cdots+\!\!\sum_{1\le i_1<\cdots<i_n\le n}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}\cdots L_{i_n}+1[/dispmath]
Zatim indukcijski korak:
[dispmath](L_1+1)(L_2+1)\cdots(L_n+1)(L_{n+1}+1)=[/dispmath][dispmath]=\left(\sum_{1\le i_1\le n}L_{i_1}+\sum_{1\le i_1<i_2\le n}L_{i_1}L_{i_2}+\!\!\sum_{1\le i_1<i_2<i_3\le n}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}L_{i_3}+\cdots+\!\!\sum_{1\le i_1<\cdots<i_n\le n}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}\cdots L_{i_n}+1\right)(L_{n+1}+1)=[/dispmath][dispmath]=L_{n+1}\sum_{1\le i_1\le n}L_{i_1}+L_{n+1}\sum_{1\le i_1<i_2\le n}L_{i_1}L_{i_2}+L_{n+1}\!\!\sum_{1\le i_1<i_2<i_3\le n}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}L_{i_3}+\cdots+L_{n+1}\!\!\sum_{1\le i_1<\cdots<i_n\le n}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}\cdots L_{i_n}+L_{n+1}+\\
+\sum_{1\le i_1\le n}L_{i_1}+\sum_{1\le i_1<i_2\le n}L_{i_1}L_{i_2}+\!\!\sum_{1\le i_1<i_2<i_3\le n}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}L_{i_3}+\cdots+\!\!\sum_{1\le i_1<\cdots<i_n\le n}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}\cdots L_{i_n}+1=[/dispmath]
pa to malo pregrupišemo,
[dispmath]=\left(L_{n+1}+\sum_{1\le i_1\le n}L_{i_1}\right)+\left(L_{n+1}\sum_{1\le i_1\le n}L_{i_1}+\!\!\sum_{1\le i_1<i_2\le n}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}\right)+\left(L_{n+1}\!\!\sum_{1\le i_1<i_2\le n}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}+\!\!\sum_{1\le i_1<i_2<i_3\le n}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}L_{i_3}\right)+[/dispmath][dispmath]+\left(L_{n+1}\!\!\sum_{1\le i_1<i_2<i_3\le n}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}L_{i_3}+\cdots\right)+\left(\cdots+\!\!\sum_{1\le i_1<\cdots<i_n\le n}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}\cdots L_{i_n}\right)+L_{n+1}\!\!\sum_{1\le i_1<\cdots<i_n\le n}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}\cdots L_{i_n}+1\tag1[/dispmath]
Za opšti od ovih sabiraka unutar zagrada, [inlmath]\displaystyle L_{n+1}\!\!\sum_{1\le i_1<\cdots<i_{m-1}\le n}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}\cdots L_{i_{m-1}}+\!\!\sum_{1\le i_1<\cdots<i_m\le n}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}\cdots L_{i_m}[/inlmath], važi sledeće:
- Suma [inlmath]\displaystyle\sum_{1\le i_1<\cdots<i_{m-1}\le n}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}\cdots L_{i_{m-1}}[/inlmath] sadrži sve [inlmath](m-1)[/inlmath]-torke koje se mogu kreirati od [inlmath]L_1,L_2,\ldots,L_n[/inlmath].
- Ta suma [inlmath]\displaystyle\sum_{1\le i_1<\cdots<i_{m-1}\le n}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}\cdots L_{i_{m-1}}[/inlmath] pomnožena sa [inlmath]L_{n+1}[/inlmath] sadrži sve one [inlmath]m[/inlmath]-torke kreirane od [inlmath]L_1,L_2,\ldots,L_{n+1}[/inlmath] koje obavezno sadrže [inlmath]L_{n+1}[/inlmath].
- Suma [inlmath]\displaystyle\sum_{1\le i_1<\cdots<i_m\le n}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}\cdots L_{i_m}[/inlmath] sadrži sve [inlmath]m[/inlmath]-torke koje se mogu kreirati od [inlmath]L_1,L_2,\ldots,L_n[/inlmath].
Prema tome, zbir [inlmath]\displaystyle L_{n+1}\!\!\sum_{1\le i_1<\cdots<i_{m-1}\le n}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}\cdots L_{i_{m-1}}[/inlmath] i [inlmath]\displaystyle\sum_{1\le i_1<\cdots<i_m\le n}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}\cdots L_{i_m}[/inlmath] predstavlja novu sumu, koja sadrži sve [inlmath]m[/inlmath]-torke koje se mogu kreirati od [inlmath]L_1,L_2,\ldots,L_{n+1}[/inlmath].
Možemo, dakle, pisati
[dispmath]L_{n+1}\!\!\sum_{1\le i_1<\cdots<i_{m-1}\le n}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}\cdots L_{i_{m-1}}+\sum_{1\le i_1<\cdots<i_m\le n}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}\cdots L_{i_m}=\!\!\sum_{1\le i_1<\cdots<i_m\le n+1}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}\cdots L_{i_m}[/dispmath]
što, kad vratimo u [inlmath](1)[/inlmath], dobijemo
[dispmath](L_1+1)(L_2+1)\cdots(L_n+1)(L_{n+1}+1)=\\
=\sum_{1\le i_1\le n+1}\!\!L_{i_1}+\!\!\sum_{1\le i_1<i_2\le n+1}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}+\cdots+\!\!\sum_{1\le i_1<\cdots<i_n\le n+1}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}\cdots L_{i_n}+L_{n+1}\!\!\sum_{1\le i_1<\cdots<i_n\le n}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}\cdots L_{i_n}+1[/dispmath]
Sabirak [inlmath]\displaystyle L_{n+1}\!\!\sum_{1\le i_1<\cdots<i_n\le n}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}\cdots L_{i_n}[/inlmath] možemo napisati kao [inlmath]L_1L_2\cdots L_nL_{n+1}[/inlmath], tj. kao [inlmath]\displaystyle\sum_{1\le i_1<\cdots<i_{n+1}\le n+1}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}\cdots L_{i_n}L_{i_{n+1}}[/inlmath], čime dolazimo do završnog koraka,
[dispmath](L_1+1)(L_2+1)\cdots(L_n+1)(L_{n+1}+1)=\\
=\sum_{1\le i_1\le n+1}\!\!L_{i_1}+\!\!\sum_{1\le i_1<i_2\le n+1}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}+\cdots+\!\!\sum_{1\le i_1<\cdots<i_n\le n+1}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}\cdots L_{i_n}+\!\!\sum_{1\le i_1<\cdots<i_{n+1}\le n+1}\!\!L_{i_1}L_{i_2}\cdots L_{i_n}L_{i_{n+1}}+1[/dispmath]
što je i trebalo dokazati.